Concussions are a common, but often misunderstood injury, requiring careful management for optimal recovery. Physiotherapists play a crucial role in this process, aiding the identification, early management, rehabilitation, and safe return to sport for individuals that have sustained a concussion
Identifying the signs
Recognising the signs of a concussion is the first step in effective management. Physiotherapists are trained to identify both immediate and delayed symptoms, which may include:
- Headache
- Dizziness,
- Confusion
- Nausea
- Sensitivity to light or noise
- Changes in mood or behaviour
Early detection is essential for prompt intervention.
Acute Management
Physiotherapists contribute significantly to the early management of concussions. This involves:
- Closely monitoring symptoms,
- Advising on appropriate rest and activity modifications
- Collaborating with other healthcare professionals for a comprehensive assessment.
They guide individuals through the initial stages, emphasizing cognitive and physical rest to promote healing.
Rehabilitation
Once the acute phase has passed, physiotherapists design individualized rehabilitation programs to address persistent symptoms and functional deficits. Depending on the severity of the concussion, this may involve a gradual return to controlled, symptom-limited activity. Exercise prescription that focuses on balance, coordination, and cognitive exercises may also constitute part of an extensive and targeted return to regular activity and are essential in reducing the risk of long-term complications.
Return to Sport or Physical Activity
Physiotherapists play a pivotal role in the safe return to sport post concussion. Working closely with athletes and coaches, a thorough assessment should be carried out to determine if a return to regular participation in sport or activity is safe. Forgoing this step, and returning to sport too soon has the potential to create longer-lasting detrimental cognitive and physical effects to the individual. It is therefore crucial to ensure a constant physiotherapy intervention throughout this process.
Conclusion
Concussion management requires a multidisciplinary approach, and physiotherapists are integral members of the healthcare team. Their expertise in identifying signs, managing the acute phase, overseeing rehabilitation, and facilitating a safe return to sport contributes significantly to the overall well-being of individuals recovering from concussions.